Applied stereochemistry
Symmetry elements in molecules, point groups of chiral molecules. Configuration and conformation. Determination of absolute and relative configuration. Chiroptical and spectroscopic methods, semiempirical rules correlating sign and absolute configuration.
Enantiomeric excess and enantiomeric purity, methods of determination.
Prostereoisomerism and prochirality. Stereodifferentiating reactions. Enantio- and diastereoselective reactions.
Stereochemistry of enzyme catalysed reactions. Application of enzymes in enantioselective transformation of organic substrates. Investigation of biochemical processes using appropriate substrates, e.g. NADH action, citric acid cycle, etc. Studies of enzyme active centre structure. Enzime models, guest-host complexation. Molecular recognition. Biomimetic reactions.

Identification of organic compounds
A general survey of spectroscopic methods and techniques. Principles of structure elucidation by spectroscopic methods.
X-ray crystallography, symmetry in solid state.
Ultraviolet spectroscopy. Transitions in UV spectroscopy. Woodward’s and Woodward-Fieser rules for predicting the absorption maxima. Charge transfer complexes and through space orbital interaction studies by UV spectroscopy. Chiroptical methods: Circular Dichroism and Optical Rotation Spectroscopy of chiral molecules.
Infrared spectroscopy. Vibrational modes in IR spectroscopy. Interpretation of IR spectra. Raman spectroscopy and SERS. Polarizability: the difference between IR and Raman lines.
Classical description of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The pulse NMR method, Fourier transform in NMR spectroscopy. Relaxation effects. Spectral parameters, spectrum analysis and calculations. Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Dynamic NMR spectroscopy. Application of NMR spectroscopy in structural studies.
Mass spectrometry. Recognition of parent ion M⁺. Metastable and multiple charged ions. Elemental composition in unit mass measurements. Fragmentation and rearrangement processes in mass spectra.

Organic reactions mechanisms
Reaction mechanism concepts and definitions. Methods of study of reaction mechanisms. Principles of thermodinamics, kinetics and stereochemistry in study of reaction mechanisms. Molecular complexes.
Nucleophilic substitution SN1 and SN2.
Elimination E2, E1, E1cB. Stereochemistry of elimination reactions.
Additon to C=C bond. Electrophilic and nucleophilic addition.
Carbenium and carbonium ions. Nonclassical carbocations.
Formation of radicals and radical reaction. Stability and generation of radicals.
Aromaticity. Electrophilic substitution in aromatic ring, SEAr mechanism. Nucleophilic substitution.
Addition to C=O and other carbon-heteroatom bonds.
Pericyclic reactions. Synchronic reactions. Cycloaddition and cycloelimination reactions. Electrocyclic reactions. Sigmatropic rearrangements.
Photochemical reactions.
Molecular rearrangements.

Physical organic chemistry
Transition state of organic reactions and methods of its investigation.
Organic reactivity and quantitative correlations.
Interatomic interaction in molecules and methods of quantum chemical evaluation of interaction.
Structural study of organic molecules by quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics methods.
Application of graph theory in structural chemistry.

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